1 Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, 2 through whom also we have access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. 3 And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, character; and character, hope. 5 Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us. 6 For when we were still without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For scarcely for a righteous man will one die; yet perhaps for a good man someone would even dare to die. 8 But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. 9 Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from wrath through Him. 10 For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. 11 And not only that, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.
Commentary
Vs. 1 "Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ"
If ever there was a Scriptural statement that settles the issue of justification, Romans 5:1 is it. Thus justification (being declared righteous) is not something we who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ hope to have one day. It is something already in our possession. Something God imputed to us the moment we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who has made us justified in the sight of God by His death on the cross and His resurrection from the dead (Rom 4:23-25). And so our faith in Him is what brings us this justified status and standing before God. The Spirit of God then being God's eternal seal of this within us of this (2 Cor 1:21-22; Eph. 1:13-14). And so again this is not something someone must strive for, (for that is what every religion in the world seeks to do), this is something we already posses, the moment we believed in Jesus Christ, and so we have peace with God.
Vs. 2 "through whom also we have access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God."
And so we don't want to lose sight of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. For faith in of itself can become a useless and disconnected entity from God unless it's object is the Lord. For it is only through Him that we have access by faith into this grace, in which we stand. Thus we are justified by faith, and we have access too God's grace, by faith (consider Heb. 4:14-16). And so we rejoice in hope in the glory of God. Rejoicing in hope because we are now justified, and thus we shall not be condemned, yes, but more to the point we "rejoice in hope of the glory of God." That is of not only of seeing our Great God and Savior in all of His Glory, but also of our bearing the resurrected and glorified image of His Risen Son Jesus. And so we in great anticipation wait on that Day when God is glorified in the presence of all His saints (2 Thess. 1:10-12), and is exalted on the earth (Ps. 46:10). Though the manifested and magnified glory of God amongst us, and through us His people does not end there. It will continue on for all eternity in the Kingdom of heaven. And so we wait in longing joyful hope of that Day, when God's glory is not longer concealed from us, but is fully manifested and magnified before us, just as our lowly bodies will then put off all their mortality and weaknesses, and be transformed into glorious immortal bodies, that forever bear the eternal glory of God's Son!
Vs. 3-5 3 And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, character; and character, hope. 5 Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us.
And so just as we rejoice in hope of the glory of God, so we also glory in tribulations. Which might seem a bit of disconnect for some, but it is not, for the too are inevitably linked together. For believing in the Lord Jesus Christ means, by it's very nature, that you will also suffer with Him, and if you suffer with Him, you will also be glorified together with Him (Rom 8:17). Now suffering with Christ means enduring both wrath and rejection from this world, and thus the people of it. That is every believers "destiny" in this life, to various degrees, and various amounts, each and everyone of us will have too (if we remain faithful to the Lord) pass through all sorts of tribulations (consider Matt. 5:10-12; Acts 14:22). Which for some will mean the end of their "faith" (Matt 13:20-21; Heb 6:6 ,also Psalm 101:3). But for us who believe, by God's Spirit, we will overcome. For it is of the Lord Jesus Christ to uphold us and sustain us all who believe in Him (Rev 3:21). And so we rejoice even in this, for just as they persecuted the Lord Jesus Christ, so they will persecute and seek to trouble us (consider John 15:20; 1 Thess. 3:3-4; 2 Thess. 1:4-6; Heb 10:32-29; Rev 1:9 etc.). And so our joy in being justified in the sight of God, and one day being glorified together with Christ, is not the end of our joy, as if having to pass through various kinds of tribulations in this life could end it. For we know we are all appointed too this, and so we can all rejoice in this, in what these kinds of tribulations will produce within us. That is the Apostles point here in verses three to five. That we all know that tribulation produces perseverance; perseverance, character, and character hope. Now Louw-Nida defines the word translated *tribulation here as "trouble involving direct suffering" (LN 22.2). In the main it means anything which puts pressure on us, "is burdensome to our spirit" (Vines). And so rather than seeing these things as something that might destroy our faith, the Apostle sees past the temporary tribulations in our lives, to God's Divine purpose in allowing them in our lives, and that is to grow our faith. Hence the Apostle Paul does not see any of these as potentially harming or ruining any of us who believe, rather he rightly sees them as the means by which God builds three greatly needed qualities in our lives; perseverance, character, and hope. As he says, "knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, character; and character, hope." vs. 3-4
Does this then mean that all that "troubles our spirit" is directly linked to the will of God for us, of course not. Satan is still in this world making war with all those who have faith in Jesus Christ, and keep God's commandments (Rev 12:17). Not to mention the very real consequences that come from our own foolish choices and actions. And so attributing every distress of life to God, or worse God not caring for us (which is an absurd thought), given all that He has done for us, and continues to do in our lives, is to only to be rather ignorant and quite foolish in ones thinking. For God's ongoing love and care for us does not promise us immunity from any of life's tribulations, and certainly not those that will come with obediently following Jesus Christ (consider Acts 14:22; Rom 8:17). But the Lord does promise us His grace to get through these when we look too and rely on Him (2 Cor. 12:9). Now if the Lord did promise us immunity from tribulations in this life I think that we would all become rather spiritually weak and pathetic people, dependent only on our "ease of life", rather than dependent on God. Which is one of the problems facing the church today, trying to own the Gospel's promises without embracing the fullness of them, that is with every promise of God there is always a condition, and that is both our faith and obedience is required for them to be enacted in our lives. And so Jesus does not promise us "ease of life" if following Him. Indeed He promises us all who believe in Him that in this world we will have tribulations, because like Him, we are not of it. And so just as the world hated Him, so it hates us because He Himself lives in us, and by His Spirit within us His Presence and works and made known and manifested through us to them (John 15:18; 1 John 3:13-15). And so we are to always rejoice in this rejected and hated status of ours (Matt 5:8-10; John 15:20), because Jesus has overcome the world, therefore you can bank on the fact that so will we (John 16:33). Therefore the ease and "security" of life, that everyone in this life seemingly seeks for themselves is not the way to greater faith and spiritual growth. For if you live your life in the vain pursuit of these, then it's not likely you will find God's purposes for your life, nor will you experience the fullness of the life of Christ within you, empowering you to overcome them all (Rev 3:21). And so the Apostle Paul does not see any sort of tribulations in our pursuing the Gospel as the potential "ruin" of any of us who believe in Jesus Christ, rather he sees them all as ultimately serving our own growth, sanctification, and edification, as God walks with us through them all, all which leads us to hope. "Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us." vs. 5
Now hope does not disappoint because the love of God has been poured out into our hearts by the Holy Spirit given to us, who is the Source and Sustainer of this within us. And so we have hope, because the Lord Jesus Christ has already secured for us our eternal salvation and standing with God. The Holy Spirit being God's seal of this within us (Eph. 4:30). Therefore we have hope, because we shall not be put to shame who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ (Rom 9:33, 10:11; 1 Peter 2:26).
Vs. 6-8 6 For when we were still without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For scarcely for a righteous man will one die; yet perhaps for a good man someone would even dare to die. 8 But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
"For when we were still without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly" And so when we were defeated and powerless, depressed, discouraged and downtrodden. Having no strength to overcome either our sins, or Satan, nor the myriad of tribulations and troubles born out of them, Christ died for us, the ungodly. Not the righteous, not the holy, but the ungodly, of which we all are to various degrees of sin and guilt (consider Matt 9:9-13). It is then a remarkably loving and gloriously kind work of God that Jesus His Holy and Righteous Son would even consider doing this for us, to suffer and die in our place, and in so doing pay the penalty for all of our sins. He could've turned His back on us all and let us all suffer our own eternal fates for all of our sins and transgressions against God. Yet He willfully chose to do this, because He knew if He didn't do this for us, then no-one else would, nor could they (vs. 7). And so Jesus became a Man and suffered death on the cross, so that God could redeem us all who believe in Him from all of our sins and transgressions the moment we believe in Him (Eph. 1:13-14). And that is how God demonstrates His love towards us all (no-one being excluded) that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us (vs. 8).
Vs. 9-11 9 Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from wrath through Him. 10 For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. 11 And not only that, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.
The Apostle Paul now lays down three foundational truths to each and every believers justification. First is that we have been justified by Christ's blood, which accomplished the required atonement for us all through the suffering and crucifixion death of His Son Jesus Christ which now justifies us in the sight of God. Which also harkens back to verse one. The distinction being here the Apostle indicates the means of our justification, Christ's blood, which is the required atonement for us all (consider Heb 9:22), while in verse one Paul told us how we become justified, by faith in Jesus Christ. Therefore it is only because of Jesus' Christ's shed blood for all our sins and transgressions that we shall be saved from wrath through Him. Wrath here indicating the wrath of God which will fall upon every unbelieving and unrepentant person. And so verse nine is assuring each and every one of us who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ that we shall be saved from the judgment to come. No believer then should ever fear being condemned is the point (also see Rom 8:1). Now to reaffirm to us our being justified, and thus our unchangeable status before God, the Apostle Paul will now look back for a moment, so that we who believe in Jesus Christ might keep looking forward in joyful faith. And so he says in verse ten: "For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life." vs. 10
And so even before we ever saw our own need for God, and we were in fact only living as enemies towards God. God through the death of His Son Jesus Christ reconciled us back to Himself. And so if when were separated from God, and only enemies towards God, He reconciled us back to Himself through the death of His Son, how much more than shall we be saved by Christ's life! Which is the second truth we must remember , "we shall be saved by Christ's life." For Christ having Risen from the dead dies no more, therefore all who believe in Him shall likewise die no more. There is then no more death (i.e. separation from God), for everyone who believes in the Lord Jesus Christ (John 11:25-26). For Jesus didn't just suffer death on a cross, He also rose from the dead too vanquish death forever for everyone who believes in Him, who thus now have His life and Spirit within themselves.
And so we shall be saved by Christ's life! A solid and sealed fact. There is then no ambiguity about our salvation and thus our forever and unchanging status and standing with God. For as Christ lives forever so shall we all who believe in Him. And so we rejoice not only in that, "but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation."
And so delighting in God is not something to have and experience only in heaven, but is a current and ongoing reality, for all who believe, who have received His reconciliation for them through His Son Jesus (John 1:12). For having joy in God, truly is a gift from God, of knowing Him, and thus of having His Spirit within us who believe in Him through His Son and so we rejoice in Him! Now if you have not yet opened your heart to Jesus and thus received God's reconciliation for you, why not do that now. For by a simple prayer of faith you too can have the reconciliation that God purchased for you through the death and resurrection of His Son the Lord Jesus Christ. Therefore by a simple prayer of faith you too can invite Jesus into your heart and life. Simply pray something like this: Dear Lord Jesus I know that I am a sinner and that I need Your forgiveness, therefore I now invite You into My heart and life to be my Lord and Savior, amen.
Scripture Quotation
The New King James Version. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1982.
Word Studies
Vs. 3 *tribulation, for a deeper discussion of this word, see TDNTA 334 or TDNT 3.139.
Additional Resources Consulted
MacDonald, William. Believer’s Bible Commentary: Old and New Testaments. Edited by Arthur Farstad. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1995.
Louw, Johannes P., and Eugene Albert Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. New York: United Bible Societies, 1996.
Kittel, Gerhard, Gerhard Friedrich, and Geoffrey William Bromiley. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans, 1985.
Kittel, Gerhard, Geoffrey W. Bromiley, and Gerhard Friedrich, eds. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Vine, W. E., Merrill F. Unger, and William White Jr. Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. Nashville, TN: T. Nelson, 1996.
Commentary
Vs. 1 "Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ"
If ever there was a Scriptural statement that settles the issue of justification, Romans 5:1 is it. Thus justification (being declared righteous) is not something we who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ hope to have one day. It is something already in our possession. Something God imputed to us the moment we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who has made us justified in the sight of God by His death on the cross and His resurrection from the dead (Rom 4:23-25). And so our faith in Him is what brings us this justified status and standing before God. The Spirit of God then being God's eternal seal of this within us of this (2 Cor 1:21-22; Eph. 1:13-14). And so again this is not something someone must strive for, (for that is what every religion in the world seeks to do), this is something we already posses, the moment we believed in Jesus Christ, and so we have peace with God.
Vs. 2 "through whom also we have access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God."
And so we don't want to lose sight of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. For faith in of itself can become a useless and disconnected entity from God unless it's object is the Lord. For it is only through Him that we have access by faith into this grace, in which we stand. Thus we are justified by faith, and we have access too God's grace, by faith (consider Heb. 4:14-16). And so we rejoice in hope in the glory of God. Rejoicing in hope because we are now justified, and thus we shall not be condemned, yes, but more to the point we "rejoice in hope of the glory of God." That is of not only of seeing our Great God and Savior in all of His Glory, but also of our bearing the resurrected and glorified image of His Risen Son Jesus. And so we in great anticipation wait on that Day when God is glorified in the presence of all His saints (2 Thess. 1:10-12), and is exalted on the earth (Ps. 46:10). Though the manifested and magnified glory of God amongst us, and through us His people does not end there. It will continue on for all eternity in the Kingdom of heaven. And so we wait in longing joyful hope of that Day, when God's glory is not longer concealed from us, but is fully manifested and magnified before us, just as our lowly bodies will then put off all their mortality and weaknesses, and be transformed into glorious immortal bodies, that forever bear the eternal glory of God's Son!
Vs. 3-5 3 And not only that, but we also glory in tribulations, knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, character; and character, hope. 5 Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us.
And so just as we rejoice in hope of the glory of God, so we also glory in tribulations. Which might seem a bit of disconnect for some, but it is not, for the too are inevitably linked together. For believing in the Lord Jesus Christ means, by it's very nature, that you will also suffer with Him, and if you suffer with Him, you will also be glorified together with Him (Rom 8:17). Now suffering with Christ means enduring both wrath and rejection from this world, and thus the people of it. That is every believers "destiny" in this life, to various degrees, and various amounts, each and everyone of us will have too (if we remain faithful to the Lord) pass through all sorts of tribulations (consider Matt. 5:10-12; Acts 14:22). Which for some will mean the end of their "faith" (Matt 13:20-21; Heb 6:6 ,also Psalm 101:3). But for us who believe, by God's Spirit, we will overcome. For it is of the Lord Jesus Christ to uphold us and sustain us all who believe in Him (Rev 3:21). And so we rejoice even in this, for just as they persecuted the Lord Jesus Christ, so they will persecute and seek to trouble us (consider John 15:20; 1 Thess. 3:3-4; 2 Thess. 1:4-6; Heb 10:32-29; Rev 1:9 etc.). And so our joy in being justified in the sight of God, and one day being glorified together with Christ, is not the end of our joy, as if having to pass through various kinds of tribulations in this life could end it. For we know we are all appointed too this, and so we can all rejoice in this, in what these kinds of tribulations will produce within us. That is the Apostles point here in verses three to five. That we all know that tribulation produces perseverance; perseverance, character, and character hope. Now Louw-Nida defines the word translated *tribulation here as "trouble involving direct suffering" (LN 22.2). In the main it means anything which puts pressure on us, "is burdensome to our spirit" (Vines). And so rather than seeing these things as something that might destroy our faith, the Apostle sees past the temporary tribulations in our lives, to God's Divine purpose in allowing them in our lives, and that is to grow our faith. Hence the Apostle Paul does not see any of these as potentially harming or ruining any of us who believe, rather he rightly sees them as the means by which God builds three greatly needed qualities in our lives; perseverance, character, and hope. As he says, "knowing that tribulation produces perseverance; 4 and perseverance, character; and character, hope." vs. 3-4
Does this then mean that all that "troubles our spirit" is directly linked to the will of God for us, of course not. Satan is still in this world making war with all those who have faith in Jesus Christ, and keep God's commandments (Rev 12:17). Not to mention the very real consequences that come from our own foolish choices and actions. And so attributing every distress of life to God, or worse God not caring for us (which is an absurd thought), given all that He has done for us, and continues to do in our lives, is to only to be rather ignorant and quite foolish in ones thinking. For God's ongoing love and care for us does not promise us immunity from any of life's tribulations, and certainly not those that will come with obediently following Jesus Christ (consider Acts 14:22; Rom 8:17). But the Lord does promise us His grace to get through these when we look too and rely on Him (2 Cor. 12:9). Now if the Lord did promise us immunity from tribulations in this life I think that we would all become rather spiritually weak and pathetic people, dependent only on our "ease of life", rather than dependent on God. Which is one of the problems facing the church today, trying to own the Gospel's promises without embracing the fullness of them, that is with every promise of God there is always a condition, and that is both our faith and obedience is required for them to be enacted in our lives. And so Jesus does not promise us "ease of life" if following Him. Indeed He promises us all who believe in Him that in this world we will have tribulations, because like Him, we are not of it. And so just as the world hated Him, so it hates us because He Himself lives in us, and by His Spirit within us His Presence and works and made known and manifested through us to them (John 15:18; 1 John 3:13-15). And so we are to always rejoice in this rejected and hated status of ours (Matt 5:8-10; John 15:20), because Jesus has overcome the world, therefore you can bank on the fact that so will we (John 16:33). Therefore the ease and "security" of life, that everyone in this life seemingly seeks for themselves is not the way to greater faith and spiritual growth. For if you live your life in the vain pursuit of these, then it's not likely you will find God's purposes for your life, nor will you experience the fullness of the life of Christ within you, empowering you to overcome them all (Rev 3:21). And so the Apostle Paul does not see any sort of tribulations in our pursuing the Gospel as the potential "ruin" of any of us who believe in Jesus Christ, rather he sees them all as ultimately serving our own growth, sanctification, and edification, as God walks with us through them all, all which leads us to hope. "Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us." vs. 5
Now hope does not disappoint because the love of God has been poured out into our hearts by the Holy Spirit given to us, who is the Source and Sustainer of this within us. And so we have hope, because the Lord Jesus Christ has already secured for us our eternal salvation and standing with God. The Holy Spirit being God's seal of this within us (Eph. 4:30). Therefore we have hope, because we shall not be put to shame who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ (Rom 9:33, 10:11; 1 Peter 2:26).
Vs. 6-8 6 For when we were still without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For scarcely for a righteous man will one die; yet perhaps for a good man someone would even dare to die. 8 But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us.
"For when we were still without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly" And so when we were defeated and powerless, depressed, discouraged and downtrodden. Having no strength to overcome either our sins, or Satan, nor the myriad of tribulations and troubles born out of them, Christ died for us, the ungodly. Not the righteous, not the holy, but the ungodly, of which we all are to various degrees of sin and guilt (consider Matt 9:9-13). It is then a remarkably loving and gloriously kind work of God that Jesus His Holy and Righteous Son would even consider doing this for us, to suffer and die in our place, and in so doing pay the penalty for all of our sins. He could've turned His back on us all and let us all suffer our own eternal fates for all of our sins and transgressions against God. Yet He willfully chose to do this, because He knew if He didn't do this for us, then no-one else would, nor could they (vs. 7). And so Jesus became a Man and suffered death on the cross, so that God could redeem us all who believe in Him from all of our sins and transgressions the moment we believe in Him (Eph. 1:13-14). And that is how God demonstrates His love towards us all (no-one being excluded) that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us (vs. 8).
Vs. 9-11 9 Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from wrath through Him. 10 For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life. 11 And not only that, but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.
The Apostle Paul now lays down three foundational truths to each and every believers justification. First is that we have been justified by Christ's blood, which accomplished the required atonement for us all through the suffering and crucifixion death of His Son Jesus Christ which now justifies us in the sight of God. Which also harkens back to verse one. The distinction being here the Apostle indicates the means of our justification, Christ's blood, which is the required atonement for us all (consider Heb 9:22), while in verse one Paul told us how we become justified, by faith in Jesus Christ. Therefore it is only because of Jesus' Christ's shed blood for all our sins and transgressions that we shall be saved from wrath through Him. Wrath here indicating the wrath of God which will fall upon every unbelieving and unrepentant person. And so verse nine is assuring each and every one of us who believe in the Lord Jesus Christ that we shall be saved from the judgment to come. No believer then should ever fear being condemned is the point (also see Rom 8:1). Now to reaffirm to us our being justified, and thus our unchangeable status before God, the Apostle Paul will now look back for a moment, so that we who believe in Jesus Christ might keep looking forward in joyful faith. And so he says in verse ten: "For if when we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life." vs. 10
And so even before we ever saw our own need for God, and we were in fact only living as enemies towards God. God through the death of His Son Jesus Christ reconciled us back to Himself. And so if when were separated from God, and only enemies towards God, He reconciled us back to Himself through the death of His Son, how much more than shall we be saved by Christ's life! Which is the second truth we must remember , "we shall be saved by Christ's life." For Christ having Risen from the dead dies no more, therefore all who believe in Him shall likewise die no more. There is then no more death (i.e. separation from God), for everyone who believes in the Lord Jesus Christ (John 11:25-26). For Jesus didn't just suffer death on a cross, He also rose from the dead too vanquish death forever for everyone who believes in Him, who thus now have His life and Spirit within themselves.
And so we shall be saved by Christ's life! A solid and sealed fact. There is then no ambiguity about our salvation and thus our forever and unchanging status and standing with God. For as Christ lives forever so shall we all who believe in Him. And so we rejoice not only in that, "but we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation."
And so delighting in God is not something to have and experience only in heaven, but is a current and ongoing reality, for all who believe, who have received His reconciliation for them through His Son Jesus (John 1:12). For having joy in God, truly is a gift from God, of knowing Him, and thus of having His Spirit within us who believe in Him through His Son and so we rejoice in Him! Now if you have not yet opened your heart to Jesus and thus received God's reconciliation for you, why not do that now. For by a simple prayer of faith you too can have the reconciliation that God purchased for you through the death and resurrection of His Son the Lord Jesus Christ. Therefore by a simple prayer of faith you too can invite Jesus into your heart and life. Simply pray something like this: Dear Lord Jesus I know that I am a sinner and that I need Your forgiveness, therefore I now invite You into My heart and life to be my Lord and Savior, amen.
Scripture Quotation
The New King James Version. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1982.
Word Studies
Vs. 3 *tribulation, for a deeper discussion of this word, see TDNTA 334 or TDNT 3.139.
Additional Resources Consulted
MacDonald, William. Believer’s Bible Commentary: Old and New Testaments. Edited by Arthur Farstad. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1995.
Louw, Johannes P., and Eugene Albert Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. New York: United Bible Societies, 1996.
Kittel, Gerhard, Gerhard Friedrich, and Geoffrey William Bromiley. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: W.B. Eerdmans, 1985.
Kittel, Gerhard, Geoffrey W. Bromiley, and Gerhard Friedrich, eds. Theological Dictionary of the New Testament. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1964–.
Vine, W. E., Merrill F. Unger, and William White Jr. Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words. Nashville, TN: T. Nelson, 1996.
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