Hebrews 2:10-18

¹⁰ For it was fitting for Him, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings. ¹¹ For both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one, for which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren, ¹² saying: “I will declare Your name to My brethren; In the midst of the assembly I will sing praise to You.” ¹³ And again: “I will put My trust in Him.” And again: “Here am I and the children whom God has given Me.” ¹⁴ Inasmuch then as the children have partaken of flesh and blood, He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, ¹⁵ and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. ¹⁶ For indeed He does not give aid to angels, but He does give aid to the seed of Abraham. ¹⁷ Therefore, in all things He had to be made like His brethren, that He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. ¹⁸ For in that He Himself has suffered, being tempted, He is able to aid those who are tempted.

Commentary
Vs. 10 "For it was fitting for Him, for whom are all things and by whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to make the captain of their salvation perfect through sufferings."

In stating it was fitting for the Lord Jesus Christ to have suffered Crucifixion death, the Scripture is undoing any and all notions that going through such a trial of suffering and anguish for our redemption was unfitting for the Son of God. Since in bringing many sons to glory the Lord Jesus Christ suffering Crucifixion death was not for Himself, it was for us all. The most selfless act then is not a downgrading of God's Person, rather through it the Lord Jesus Christ's Person is exalted and is going to be exalted for all eternity, because it was God Himself who ordained that such things must occur, that is the implication being stated when the Scripture states, "for whom are all things and by whom are all things," because Lord Jesus Christ's Crucifixion was not an act of man done outside of or against the Will of God, but was done by sinful men in order to fulfill the Will and Word of God (Acts 4:27-28) so that God could redeem us all who believe in Him and glorify His Son through our Redemption (Phil 2:8-11; Eph. 1:18-23). For it is Jesus for whom are all things and it is through Him that are all things, for God created all things to ultimately glorify His Son. For whether by Redemption or by Judgment, God will glorify and exalt His Son through them. 
And so the Lord Jesus Christ as the captain (gr. ἀρχηγός, the Originator/Leader) of our salvation in bringing many sons to glory had to to be made perfect through sufferings. Perfect in the sense that unless the Lord Jesus Christ suffered Crucifixion death He could not have been perfected as the Captain of our Salvation because that element of His suffering Crucifixion death in our place as foretold in the Scriptures would not have then been fulfilled. And so when Jesus prayed in Gethsemane all of foretold redemption history was bound up in that intense moment of personal decision for Him, where He had to overcome His own fears and desires for self preservation and trust and obey God even to point of suffering Crucifixion death. For unless Jesus did so we ourselves in no way could've been redeemed from sin and death, and thus ultimately transformed into His glorious Image as the now Resurrected Son of Man; who is no longer subject to death, but now, Jesus having ascended back to God the Father in heaven lives forever in His Glorified state as our Glorified Lord and Savior. Thus Jesus as the Captain of our Salvation is the firstborn of the Resurrection of the dead of us all who believe in His Person and trust in His Name, for He is Lord of us all who by faith in His Person have been and will be saved (John 5:24; 11:25; Eph. 1:13-14). 

Vs. 11-13 ¹¹ For both He who sanctifies and those who are being sanctified are all of one, for which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren, ¹² saying: “I will declare Your name to My brethren; In the midst of the assembly I will sing praise to You.” ¹³ And again: “I will put My trust in Him.” And again: “Here am I and the children whom God has given Me.”

And so Jesus as the captain of our salvation, in becoming a Man, obeying God in all things, and then in sanctifying us all who believe in Him (see Heb 10:14) is not ashamed to call us His brethren (11). Brethren here means the Lord Jesus Christ Himself now reckons us His brothers by birthright, and thus it is Jesus Himself who sees us all who believe in Him as sharing the same Father, His Father, God the Father who is in heaven (consider John 20:17). Therefore Psalm 22:22 (cited in vs. 12) now has the Lord Jesus Christ not only leading us in our praise and adoration and worship of God (BBC), but it is He Himself who is leading us in our trusting of God (Isaiah 8:17-18 cited in vs. 13).  

Vs. 14-15 ¹⁴ Inasmuch then as the children have partaken of flesh and blood, He Himself likewise shared in the same, that through death He might destroy him who had the power of death, that is, the devil, ¹⁵ and release those who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage. 

As the Captain of our Salvation, the Lord Jesus Christ didn't just come as the Son of God, He like us all put on human flesh, that is He became a full human being, a Man, the Son of Man, that He might destroy him who had power of death, that is, the devil. Thus Jesus as the Son of Man was subject to everything that we are subject to as mortal beings, including death, so that He might destroy him who had the power of death that is the devil. Now destroy here does not mean Jesus by suffering Crucifixion death has annihilated the devil, (for the devil is still alive and actively at work in this world) it means that Jesus Christ's death on the cross brought the end of Satan's rule and tenure of death, and ultimately anything in God's Creation. Thus with the Lord Jesus Christ having destroyed the devil's dominion and domain over death, He has now paved the way for us all now to have the resurrection from the dead, this is assured too us all who believe in Him by His own Resurrection from the dead. The Lord Jesus Christ's victory over death then is so complete and finial that Satan's negation to being made utterly nothing, along with his finial relegation to depths of hell is certain . Thus too speak of Jesus having destroyed the devil who had power of death then is a very accurate statement, since Satan can now hold back no one from attaining too the resurrection of dead, for the Lord Jesus Christ has ended his tenure of it (consider Isaiah 14:16-21; Ezekiel 28:16-19; Rev. 20:7-10). Now the other aspect in destroying the devil by His own death on the Cross is that Jesus has by doing so released us all who believe in Him from the fear the death by which we were throughout our lifetime subject to bondage. For one of greatest burdens that every human being carries in their own heart and soul is the fear of their own death, which means their eternal separation from God in hell if they die having not been reconciled to God. Now God often uses that very real fear to draw us to Himself, so that by our faith in His Son's Person He can reconcile us who believe in Christ back to Himself; restoring His life, love, peace and joy to us all who repent and believe in Him (Mark 1:15; 2 Cor 5:21). Having a fear of death then is not God's rejection or condemnation of you, rather it is God trying to reach you, so that you come home.

Vs. 16 "For indeed He does not give aid to angels, but He does give aid to the seed of Abraham."

Now in making sure that we all understand that God's highest concern and priority is for humanity, for our redemption from sin and death, the Scripture now declares that Jesus didn't come into the world to give aid to angels, instead He became a Man to give aid to us all, which has always been and will always be God's highest priority, our redemption from sin and death on the one hand, and our over all well being on other, because God created us all for Himself, and we are His image bearers, not angels. Therefore God does not give aid too angels (in the sense that he gives aid to us) for they are his spiritual servants, rather He gives aid to the seed of Abraham, that is every believer who thus is apart of the spiritual descendants of Abraham because we believe God's Word spoken to us just as Abraham did (consider Rom 4:9-25, vs. 11, 16, Gal. 3:7). And so it is that God provides aid to us all who believe in His Son so that we can remain in constant and eternal fellowship with Himself.

Vs. 17-18 ¹⁷ Therefore, in all things He had to be made like His brethren, that He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. ¹⁸ For in that He Himself has suffered, being tempted, He is able to aid those who are tempted.

Now in order for God to give aid to us all, the Lord Jesus Christ in all things had to made like His brethren, the implication being that Jesus had to learn and experience all that is to be human in a broken and sinful world. And so Jesus had to experience not only all of the physical limitations and emotions (both good and bad) that we are all subject too; but Jesus had to do so while remaining blameless before God, something which Job himself, a blameless man before God, yet when broken by his circumstances, could not do. And so in crying out to God about his own unexplainable plight one of Jobs main points was that God had no idea what it was like to be a mortal man in his very precarious place (consider Job 10:4-7, 15). And so again Jesus had to be made like us all in every aspect being subject to all of the temptations and emotions and physical limitations including death that we are all subject too. Just name an experience or temptation which we are all subject too as mortal beings living in a sinful and broken world and the Lord Jesus Christ has also experienced the same in the flesh, and yet He has overcome it all. Now this was done so that He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in the things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. That is Jesus had too overcome all the ravages and temptations of sin from our mortal beings perspective, before He Himself offered Himself as the Sinless Sacrifice for us all; that is what propitiation means, by His own shed blood, Jesus Christ the Lord has provided the everlasting atonement for all of our sins before God. And so having complete knowledge of the human experience, and having overcome it all, and provided atonement for us all, Jesus can now not only intercede for us all as our High Priest before God, but He can also provide aid to us all so that we too can also learn to overcome whatever temptations and deprivations and circumstances and such that we will have to face as we also journey homeward.  

Scripture Quotations 
The New King James Version. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1982.

Additional Resources Consulted
BBC: MacDonald, William. Believer’s Bible Commentary: Old and New Testaments. Edited by Arthur Farstad. Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1995.

LN or Louw-Nida: Louw, Johannes P., and Eugene Albert Nida. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains. New York: United Bible Societies, 1996.